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Italian literature emerged around 1600 at the intersection of poetological and religious attempts at standardization and under the attentive watch of a literary community and its critical discussions as well as the censorship and inquisition of the Counter-Reformation. This volume sheds light on creativity under the conditions of this twofold "observance" by looking at texts from various genres written between ca. 1550 and 1650. Italienische Literatur entsteht um 1600 in einem Schnittpunkt von poetologischen und religiösen Normierungsbestrebungen und unter wachsamer Beobachtung sowohl seitens einer kritisch diskutierenden literarischen Gemeinschaft als auch der gegenreformatorischen Zensur und Inquisition. Kirchliche Autoritäten kontrollieren die Literatur von außen, während die Literaten in einem Dialog des Aushandelns von Normen und der wachsamen Beratung und Kritik untereinander begriffen sind. Der Titel dieses Bandes benennt dies mit dem Begriff der ‚Observanz‘ in seiner Doppelbedeutung von ‚Beobachtung’ und ‚Regelbeachtung‘. Diese Situation nur als äußere Beschränkung künstlerischen Schaffens zu fassen, wäre freilich reduktiv. Anhand von Texten unterschiedlicher medialer und gattungspoetischer Formate vom Epos bis zur Oper wird gezeigt, wie zwischen 1550 und 1650 dichterische Kreativität unter den besonderen Bedingungen dieser doppelten Observanz zu Lösungen, Evasionen oder Immunisierungen gelangt; wie Autoren auf die textuelle und mediale Gestalt ihrer Werke und auf die Gestaltung oder auch Verhüllung ihrer Autorschaft achtgeben und wie andererseits die Aufmerksamkeit der Rezipierenden auf Problemlagen fokussiert oder aber zerstreut werden kann.

LITERARY CRITICISM / European / Italian. --- Aristotelianism. --- Censorship. --- Counter-Reformation. --- opera libretto.

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The turbulence of the Protestant Reformation marks a turning point in European history, but the Scandinavian contribution to this revolution is not well known outside the Northern world. Reforming the North focuses on twenty-five years (1520-45 AD) of this history, during which Scandinavians terminated the medieval Union of Kalmar, toppled the Catholic Church, ended the commercial dominance of the German Hanse, and laid the foundations for centralized states on the ruins of old institutions and organizations. This book traces the chaotic and often violent transfer of resources and authority from the decentralized structures of medieval societies to the early modern states and their territorial churches. Religious reform is regarded as an essential element in the process - in the context of social unrest, political conflict, and long-term changes in finance, trade, and warfare. Reforming the North offers a broad perspective on this turbulent period and on the implications of the Protestant Reformation for Northern history.

Reformation --- Protestant Reformation --- Church history --- Counter-Reformation --- Protestantism --- History --- Scandinavia --- Fennoscandia --- Norden --- Nordic countries --- Arts and Humanities

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The law's cultural and especially its religious contexts present a fresh challenge to a globalised world. Did the Reformation's demand for the abolition of canonical law have particular consequences for legal development? Various answers are given to this question. It has been the objective of recent confessionalization research to highlight the uniformity of confessions and their cultural effects. There is great concern that, as happened a hundred years ago, Protestantism is once again being awarded a special proximity to modernity. The authors of this volume discuss the consequences the Reformation had for the development of various branches of the law. In the sense of a comparative analysis, Catholic law is also investigated for the connection between law and morality.

Law --- Reformation --- History. --- Influence. --- Protestant Reformation --- Church history --- Counter-Reformation --- Protestantism --- History --- Protestantismus --- Recht --- Konfession --- Kulturwirkungen --- Kirchengeschichte --- Kirchenrecht, Kirchenordnung --- Frühe Neuzeit --- Mohr Siebeck Taschenbuch --- Rechtsgeschichte

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Thirty Years' War, 1618-1648 --- Women --- Counter-Reformation --- Human females --- Wimmin --- Woman --- Womon --- Womyn --- Females --- Human beings --- Femininity --- Social aspects. --- History --- Women.

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'The Hero of Italy' examines a salient episode in Italy's Thirty Years' War with Spain and France, whereby the young duke Odoardo Farnese of Parma embraced the French alliance, only to experience defeat and occupation after two tumultuous years (1635-1637).

Farnese, Odoardo [Duke of Parma] --- Thirty Years' War, 1618-1648. --- Farnese, Odoardo, --- Odoardo, --- Thirty Years' War (1618-1648). --- 1600-1699. --- Parma and Piacenza (Duchy) --- Europe --- History --- Counter-Reformation --- Farnese, Edoardo, --- Parma (Italy) --- Piacenza (Italy)